![\"\"](\"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-2-1024x639.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1t than v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1950, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 sau, \u00edt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1950 – 1980, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. S\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kinh t\u1ebf sau chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. N\u0103m 1990, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kho\u1ea3ng 5.078 MtCO2e v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2000, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kho\u1ea3ng 4.851 MtCO2e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon. Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho kho\u1ea3ng 15% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh theo t\u1eebng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 2020 bao g\u1ed3m giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i (27%), \u0111i\u1ec7n (25%), c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (24%), th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng (13%) v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (11%). C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 2 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u0103m 2021, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ea3i 14,3 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n CO2 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng (CO2e – \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh), theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Potsdam. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay, d\u00f9 khi t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u1eabn x\u1ebfp sau M\u1ef9. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh, G\u1ea7n 50% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong khi \u0111\u00f3, kho\u1ea3ng 60% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o than.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang th\u1ea3i ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn CO2 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, giao th\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p, xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i do c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng) cho bi\u1ebft theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IEA), ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch. V\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00ean 60% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i l\u00ean g\u1ea5p 25 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trung h\u00f2a kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon n\u0103m 2050.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u “Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o” do C\u01a1 quan Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c gia (NREL) thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hoa K\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cho th\u1ea5y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050. Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra 80% \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, bao g\u1ed3m turbine gi\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n quang m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ecba nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, theo t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, n\u0103m 2004 Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 3 t\u1ef7 USD, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 103 t\u1ef7 USD, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ea3 Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 44,1 t\u1ef7 USD, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 36% \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m t\u1eeb 2016 – 2020, t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 360 t\u1ef7 USD. N\u0103m 2023, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 80 tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed9 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1200 GW \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o trong ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 25% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh n\u1eb1m trong cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2030 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia, nh\u1eb1m c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf IEA, n\u0103m 2024 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng kho\u1ea3ng 30% t\u1ed5ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau: \u0111i\u1ec7n than 36,6%, \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ea7u 2,8%, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n 10,7%, \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed 23,5% v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o 26,4%. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2024, ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 01 Terawatt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi 40 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed1c n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n nay, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 7-10 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t Terawatt th\u1ee9 2. EU mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 42,5% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o trong bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang v\u00e0 k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc xu th\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi Solar Power, t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 1448 GW v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2024. Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi 430 GW n\u0103m 2023. Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea1t 215 GW \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb nay \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030. N\u0103m 2023, ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c v\u1edbi 56 GW c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1eafp m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u 3 n\u0103m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 40%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cao, gi\u00e1 nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u0103ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n\u2026n\u00ean \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00f9i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh sang n\u0103m 2024, 2025. Tuy v\u1eady, vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ebd thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n trong n\u0103m 2024-2025 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kho\u1ea3ng 12% tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng cao. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u00e9o theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eabn cam k\u1ebft duy tr\u00ec l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng. Ch\u1ec9 khi \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n ———————————<\/p>\n\n\n\n The strong development of the renewable energy industry, gradually replacing fossil energy, is taking place in the world’s leading economic countries, further demonstrating the importance of economic development associated with the development of sustainable and safe energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The early 20th century in Europe saw significant industrial growth that led to increased emissions due to coal-fired power plants and industrial processes. Emissions were relatively low before 1950 compared to later periods, with less industrial activity and lower energy consumption. During the 1950s and 1980s, rapid industrialization and economic expansion led to a significant increase in emissions. The use of fossil fuels became more widespread and emissions peaked in many European countries. The post-war economic boom fueled industrial growth, which in turn increased greenhouse gas emissions. During the 1990s to early 2000s, Europe experienced strong economic growth coupled with increased emissions due to increased industrial activity and energy consumption. In 1990, emissions were approximately 5,078 MtCO2e and in 2000, emissions were approximately 4,851 MtCO2e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In the United States, it is one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions and currently ranks second in the world in carbon emissions. The United States is responsible for about 15% of global emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions by economic sector in the United States in 2020 include transportation (27%), electricity (25%), industry (24%), commercial and residential (13%), and agriculture (11%). It can be seen that the energy sector is only second in greenhouse gas emissions to the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In 2021, China emitted 14.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e – a measure of all greenhouse gases), according to the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research. This makes China the world’s largest emitter today, although when historical emissions are included, it still ranks behind the United States. It is estimated that nearly 50% of CO2 emissions come from the power sector, while the country still relies on coal for about 60% of its electricity production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Under the above impacts, it can be seen that countries are emitting a large amount of CO2 through production, transportation, and energy consumption activities. Industries, especially heavy industries such as steel, cement, and chemical production, contribute a significant part to the total emissions. Population growth and consumer demand also lead to higher energy consumption, promoting the use of fossil fuels. Therefore, renewable energy is considered one of the important solutions to reduce emissions from energy use activities. Countries have issued policies to deal with this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Institute of Energy (Ministry of Industry and Trade) said that according to research data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), Europe is the leading region in promoting the restructuring of the energy sector towards building infrastructure to develop clean energy sources. With a strong determination to change the direction of the energy sector, Europe aims to increase the proportion of renewable energy and bioenergy to 60% by 2030 and increase offshore wind power capacity by 25 times by 2050, to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality by 2050.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In the United States, the “Renewable Energy Outlook” study conducted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) of the US Department of Energy shows that most coal-fired power plants and nuclear power plants will be retired by 2030, while the remaining plants will operate by 2050. According to this study, the United States can produce 80% of its electricity from renewable energy using existing technology, including wind turbines, solar photovoltaics, wind power, bioenergy, geothermal energy and hydropower.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In China, according to the United Nations Environment Program’s summary of renewable energy, in 2004 China invested only 3 billion USD in this field, but by 2015 it had increased to 103 billion USD, surpassing the United States at 44.1 billion USD, and accounting for about 36% of investment from countries worldwide. In the summary of the 5-year plan from 2016 – 2020, China’s total investment in this industry has reached more than 360 billion USD. In 2023, wind power has met the needs of about 80 million households worldwide. China is a country that strongly develops wind power and is aiming for an ambitious goal of producing 1,200 GW of wind and solar power by 2030. The Chinese government has announced that it will increase the proportion of renewable fuels in primary energy consumption to about 25% by 2030.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This is considered a key target in China’s commitment to cut carbon emissions by 2030 and is part of a comprehensive national energy reform program, aiming to gradually cut down on polluting fossil fuel plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n According to recent calculations by the International Energy Agency (IEA), by 2024, renewable energy will account for about 30% of the total global electricity production structure. Regarding the electricity source structure, the current estimated proportion of global electricity sources is as follows: coal power 36.6%, oil power 2.8%, nuclear power 10.7%, gas power 23.5% and electricity from renewable energy sources 26.4%. It is estimated that in June 2024, the wind power industry will reach the first 1 Terawatt capacity milestone. It will take the world 40 years to reach this milestone. At the current pace of wind power development, it is expected to take about 7-10 years for the wind power sector to reach the second Terawatt capacity milestone. The EU wants to achieve 42.5% renewable energy in its energy use chart by 2030. Developing and less developed countries tend to move more slowly towards the energy transition trend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n According to the forecast of the Solar Power Agency, the total installed capacity of global solar power will reach about 1,448 GW by the end of 2024. China is the leading country in solar power generation with 430 GW in 2023. The United States also aims to reach 215 GW of solar power between now and 2030. In 2023, Africa will hit a record with 56 GW of new solar power capacity, marking 3 consecutive years of 40% growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n However, many countries are facing difficulties in developing renewable energy projects such as inflation, high interest rates, rising prices of construction materials, project development policies, etc., which more or less affect investment in renewable energy projects. In many cases, projects have to be renegotiated, and some even have to cancel project contracts. Many countries with power projects behind schedule have had to postpone the completion date to 2024 and 2025. However, experts still assess that the prospect of wind power development will be more favorable in 2024-2025 and can achieve growth of about 12% worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It can be seen that the development of renewable energy in many countries is facing a series of economic challenges, from inflation to rising raw material costs. These factors not only affect investment capacity but also lead to delays in the completion of renewable power projects. However, recognizing the importance of sustainable energy transition, many countries are still committed to maintaining this development roadmap, despite many difficulties. In the current context, encouraging investment in renewable energy needs to be prioritized more than ever. Governments need to have flexible and practical support policies to minimize risks for investors, while promoting technological innovation and infrastructure development. Only then can renewable energy become a key energy source, contributing to the goals of sustainable development and environmental protection in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o thay th\u1ebf d\u1ea7n cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3282,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[59,64,43],"class_list":["post-3278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-our-blog","tag-chuyen-doi-sinh-thai-xa-hoi","tag-netzero","tag-setycamp"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3283,"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3278\/revisions\/3283"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/setycamp.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
PROMOTING THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF SOME COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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